In its most recent policy document, the IMANI Centre for Policy and Education has identified some challenges with the National Cathedral project.
This document from IMANI Africa offers some perspectives on public policy.
As a policy brief, the document deliberately stays away from some fundamental questions of politics and morality. It does not, for instance, deliberate on the philosophical appropriateness of state
funding for single-faith ventures.
Below are the challenges:
Challenge One
Value Proposition
Does yet another cathedral make a difference?
• Ghana already has 40 orthodox/traditional cathedrals
• There are also over 120 cathedral-scale Christian worship centers
• There is almost no native religion complex worthy of visit. Komfo Anokye’s hometown has been completely neglected as have the Sakumono & Korle shrines.
Given the large number of basilicas and cathedrals worldwide, can a 21st century cathedral with no history or spiritual pedigree distinguish itself? Is Ghanaian Christianity sufficiently distinctive to allow the creation of a visit-worthy site and Bible Museum?
Challenge Two
Communal Commitment
Why isn’t the Christian Community, its philanthropic allies and the Faithful taking responsibility for building an extra “cathedral” if indeed they are as supportive as the government claims they are?
From Nigeria: a Most Relevant Case Study
• The National Ecumenical Center was started in 1989
• Christian denominations were responsible for finding the money.
• In 2004, Christians woke up to their responsibility and raised 3 billion Naira, which was then a reasonable $23 million to complete it by 2005.
• The Nigerian President, Olusegun Obasanjo, merely served as Treasurer for the project. He did not pump public funds into the construction. He relied on his personal goodwill to mobilise private donations.
Challenge Three
Conceptual Confusion
Even before construction reached ground level, costs had ballooned from $100 million to $400 million.
This is a clear and incontrovertible sign that the project was poorly designed from the start and the very
concept mired in sheer confusion.
Challenge Four
Financial Opacity
From an initial estimate of $100 million, the financial commitment climbed to $190 million, then $250 million. Late last year, it was said to be $350 million. And now, according to the General Counsel of the lead contractor, it is $400 million. None of the justifications for these estimate revisions have been shared with the public though public funds are being used.
Challenge Five
Flagrant Disregard for Law
- Decision to sole-source the project to Adjaye despite the clear conditions and thresholds laid out in the procurement law for sole-sourcing not met.
- Committing the nation in contracts to spend far more than was expressly approved by the procurement authorities.
- Refusing to openly disclose spending plans in the budget so that funds can be appropriated for the project in a way that would ensure scrutiny by the legislative branch.
- Failing to disclose the full set of financial commitments, disbursements and liabilities to Parliament despite several budget cycles since project inception. Leading to strong suspicions of underhand spending, crooked dealings and corruption-related conduct.
- Decision to engage architects and contractors not yet in good standing with the appropriate regulatory authorities in the construction and architectural industry in Ghana.
- Actions and duties reserved for the Board of Directors of the National Cathedral under Ghanaian law have been appropriated by the Presidency.
IMANI on the “National Cathedral” Controversy
Challenge Six
Potential for Interfaith Discord
(Introducing Sectarian Confusion by describing the building as a “National Cathedral” and making erroneous comparisons with other “national cathedrals” elsewhere.
The so-called Washington National Cathedral is NOT “America’s National Cathedral”. It is an Episcopalian cathedral known as the Cathedral of St. Paul and Peter. It was built through private donations at the cost of $65 million. Not a penny from the state goes into maintaining it.
The plan to hold civic ceremonies in the planned Ghanaian “National Cathedral” suggests a privileging of Christianity over other faiths that can in time undermine the positive interfaith relations being experienced presently.
$790 Million (cost of restoration) – Entirely Private
France: Notre Dame – it is a Catholic cathedral not a republican monument. It only served as a national site for civic ceremonies when Catholicism was the state religion and personal faith of the monarch.
Challenge Seven
Categorical Confusion
- Cathedral” is a technical term.
- Churches with an episcopal hierarchy build cathedrals.
- It is NOT a generic Christian term.
- A cathedral is the SEAT OF A BISHOP
- Ghana has no “National Bishop”.
- There is NO established church so there cannot be a “National Cathedral”.
- Hence why in Nigeria, they called theirs a “National Christian Center” and previously “National Ecumenical Center”.
- Government’s incorporation of an “interdenominational church” through the Museum’s Board confuses an already messy situation. At most, a “chaplaincy” model as used in Ghanaian universities, hospitals and the armed forces should have been adopted. The building itself should have been owned by a statutory body and operated by a chaplaincy system established by the Christian churches.
Incompetent fee scheduling has taken away the incentives of the design and build consultants and contractors to ensure sound project management. The project is now wracked by internal confusion among key project operators at the design and execution levels. Adjaye took as much as $6 million even before a basic alignment between the architects and the builders.
Challenge Eight
Massive Upfront Payment
Adjaye has been paid at a rate that is at least three times what the local regulators of the profession suggest to be reasonable and four times the median rate in the UK where he principally practices.
Challenge Nine
Inflated Architectural and Design Cost
Given his 20-year industry record, it is noteworthy that Ghanaian public institutions will, since 2018, suddenly start awarding large contracts to Adjaye without any design competitions or even basic tenders taking place.
Challenge Ten
Preposterous Cost-Benefit Analysis
The government has entered into secret pacts with the Museum of the Bible (MOTB), Nehemiah Group, and Cary Summers (all linked to the Green Organisation in the US) for assistance in developing Christian tourism around the National Cathedral. The experience of these individuals and organizations in their own backyard and operations proves that “bible museums” are extremely hard to run and fully cover costs.
In MOTB’s desperation, it has had to grapple with artifact fraud and antiquities trafficking. Fundraising strategies developed for the Ghanaian “National Cathedral” have so far failed spectacularly. Museum of the Bible (Washington DC), part of the bevy of international Christian tourism advisors to the National Cathedral, has faced lawsuits for antiquities fraud and smuggling and has come under state investigations.
Below is the full document